Tuesday, September 15, 2026

Finishing the Sprint

Questions on the assignment?

Submit weekly reflections via Canvas instead of email.  Fun focus question:  Imagine that you could spend Election Day in any year from 1916 through 1996. Which election would you choose to witness, where would you spend the day, and what would you most want to observe?  

For next time: Hershey, ch. 3-4

Nicholas -- College Dems

Finishing the Fourth Party System


Urban political machines

"Honest Graft" and machines 



Why were reformers only "morning glories"?  The Progressive Era followed -- but what happened to Progressive reforms such as the ballot initiative?

1928 election -- why the cracks in the Solid South?

1932  -- why the sudden shift?





Fifth Party System 1932-1968 

New Deal Coalition. African-Americans, union members, and ethnic and religious minorities, city dwellers, "the Solid South."   Why????




Republicans have the leftovers.

Slow decline of urban machines as government takes over "social welfare" functions that machines provided.

Sixth Party System 1972-present

Scroll up to immigration table






  • Part A (1972-1988).  South moves to GOP in presidential elections, and GOP wins  4 of 5 races, with 49-state landslides in 1972 and 1984.  Democrats dominate downballot until 1994.
  • Part B (1992-2024).   Democrats win the popular vote in 7 of 9 elections, but decisively only in 2008. Parties trade control of Congress and GOP grows stronger in the states.
CMC Bruce Mehlman





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